The test of a first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two opposed ideas in the mind at the same time, and still retain the ability to function.” -F. Scott Fitzgerald India’s policymakers are being asked to do exactly that-defend a structurally weakening currency while simultaneously building the deep domestic financial markets that alone can provide a durable shield. As of June 2026, they are struggling at both.

Modern AI systems driven by machine learning algorithms are like black boxes and pose an immediate threat to intent and causation tests that

COVID- 19 could be the tipping point of what encourages the societies to fully internalize and understand the complexity of potential risks.

Measuring these macroeconomic uncertainties and designing a “COVID-19 policy response” package is a daunting task.